The Nearctic species Chyliza leguminicola Melander, 1920 has been found breeding in Denmark. It is reported here for the first time in the Palaearctic region. The first known Danish record is from 1991, and the species is well established at least in the eastern part of Jutland. Data on the distribution as currently known is presented. It is possible that C. leguminicola is actually established but has been overlooked also in other European countries.The larvae of C. leguminicola live in the roots or stems of Garden Lupin (Lupinus polyphyllus Lindley, 1827). This plant is native to North America and occurs in Europe as an introduced species. It is spreading rapidly and in some areas considered invasive. An updated key to the European species of Chyliza Fallén, 1820 is presented.